Male coturnix quail having trouble eating, sticking his tongue out a lot.

bathtub

In the Brooder
May 11, 2019
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Hi there!

I am currently raising four lovely coturnix quails. They live indoors in a hutch in my apartment, which is surprisingly unobtrusive with regular cleaning!

Generally, the birds seem very happy. I have three females and one male. Two of the females are kept in the lower half of the hutch with no issues. I had the male and another female in the upper half of the hutch who were getting along fine, until it seemed that the male was getting a little too aggressive with his mating, and pulling out feathers of the female and generally causing her enough stress that she intermittently would lay shell-less eggs. The other females below immediately go off-lay when the male is around, and the female up top has become territorial and aggressive with other females, so integrating all of them together isn't going to happen. The couple upstairs has plenty of space and lots of hidey holes, but that hasn't been enough to assuage the issue with over-aggressive mating.

I split the upper level in half with a chicken wire screen, so that the male and female can see each other (Which keeps them from making loud mate-seeking noises), but prevents actual mating and aggression. That seemed to work well for a little while - the female went back to laying beautiful eggs every day, and the male has been generally quiet (he is very loud if we just separate him outright).

However, the male does not seem to be eating very much at all. He is barely touching his crumbles, and only pecks a little bit when I put his regular favorite fruits and veggies in. For a few days he would eat meal worms out of my hand as usual, but lately he won't. The strange thing is, he seems to *want* to eat the meal worms - he pecks at them and everything, but it seems like his beak is too weak to actually grab them. In general his spirits are completely fine, he jumps around and comes to the front of the hutch when I approach and sticks his head out looking for mealworms and attention, but he seems to be physically incapable of moving his mouth in a way that will let him eat the worms. In the last couple days he has started rapidly sticking his tongue in and out when I try to feed him the worms. It seems like he is having trouble with beak strength and/or the motor skills needed to eat.

The other thing is that he stopped drinking from the regular nipple water bottles that I have for him, but I think it's only because he found it suddenly difficult to use it (like he wasn't strong enough to push for water). I put a leaky, hamster-style waterbottle in for him and he's been drinking all the water droplets that come out of it like crazy.

I checked his beak to see if it was overgrown and needed trimming but it looks OK. Any idea what could be going on? Is he just getting really weird because he's upset he's separated from the female? Thoughts on what I could do to make sure he is getting enough food and water?

I love this little guy and am sad to see him so distressed! At the same time, I don't want to reintegrate him with the female and make her stressed... oof Quail social dynamics are so complicated!
 
The other thing is that his side of the hutch is a little dark - it's not completely dark, he gets some light coming in on two sides, but not as much as he used to. could that be part of the problem? I'd have to take the whole hutch apart and build a new side to let more light in, but would be willing to do it if folks think it might work.
 
Some ideas on what I'd look for:
I'd look inside of his mouth for something stuck or sores? I know, I know, that's gonna be serious effort to keep him calm enough to look, I wrap them in a washcloth when I have to do it. How's his breathing, does he have mucus or bubbling around his eyes, nose, mouth? How's his poop? When were they all wormed last? I recommend 2 or 3 times a year. Japanese Coturnix Quail cocks will wear out a single mate, he needs at least 3 hens, with 5 or 6 being normal. I personally give my cocks 8 hens (I have about 75% fertility rate in my eggs and I'm fine with that). Have you considered rigging up a nightlight for your guy?
 
I'd be tempted - if nothing shows up from Tycine's suggestions - to try to put him with the female for a few minutes and see what happens. If his beak is genuinely weak, he shouldn't be able to hold her feathers to breed her. If he can do that, the issue must be something else.
I'd also start weighing him so you can see if he's rapidly loosing weight, before it becomes obvious when touching him.
But as to what could actually cause what you are experiencing.. I'm pretty lost.
 
Thank you both!

I did try putting him with the female for just a moment; he was able to quickly mate with her, so good insight on it being something other than beak weakness. They were all just hatched in February and kept indoors so I haven't wormed them yet (btw, at what age would you suggest first doing that?).

I will check in his mouth and try a night light, and see if that improves anything! At this point I don't think we can integrate them all, and I'm not prepared to hatch another round of eggs, so hopefully we can figure out something with him for now. I never planned to keep a male, I just fell so in love with this little guy! It's my first time raising quail and getting to navigating all the complex quail social dynamics has been very interesting.

Thank you both very much for your ideas!
 
Now would be a good time to worm them, then every 4 to 6 months thereafter. Prophylactic medicine is much easier to administer than curative medicine. Quail are so small that by the time you realize they HAVE worms, they're dying. Coccidiosis is a concern as birds seem born with it, and if they eat their poop, or their flock-mates poop... well... it's a recipe for disaster. Do not give vitamin supplements while medicating for Coccidiosis prevention (or cure) as the medicine works by intentionally blocking the absorption of some vitamins. I'm concerned that he may have a seed (food) stuck or a thread or hair stuck in his mouth or around his tongue. Sure hope your little dude gets to feeling better.
 
He is doing much better now!

While I'm not sure exactly what did the trick, it seems like his water bottle had to do something with it. When we separated the two birds, I put a nipple-style water bottle on his side, that was identical to the one he had been using. For whatever reason, though, he just wouldn't use it, and so he must have gotten dehydrated. I switched it out for a leakier hamster-style water bottle that he drinks from constantly (I think he likes 'catching' the water droplets as they come out), and that seemed to have perked him up! Thank God, he is now back to eating mealworms, veggies, and his regular crumbles, and his beak seems to be back to normal. I'll just need to be careful to switch out the bedding under the water bottle every day so that it doesn't get too wet in there in between the weekly cleanings.

I'll get started on the worming! Any products in particular you recommend for that?

Thanks for all your helpful advice! This is a great community.
 
Let your pet store know you're looking for worming treatment for your quail. What's available is different between countries (I'm in Panama). I am SO glad that your little guy is feeling better! As for water in the cage, a small pyrex type glass dish (heavy) should help; You want one heavy enough to allow him to stand on the edge without tipping it over. Then when it leaks, it's leaking into a container, and he may elect to drink it from that too. I don't have the hamster type waterers, I simply use the heavy pyrex glass 'pudding' cups... mine hold 2 cups. Granted, my birds periodically take a dip in their water bowl... but it's easy enough to dump out the dirty and give them fresh water.
 
He is doing much better now!

While I'm not sure exactly what did the trick, it seems like his water bottle had to do something with it. When we separated the two birds, I put a nipple-style water bottle on his side, that was identical to the one he had been using. For whatever reason, though, he just wouldn't use it, and so he must have gotten dehydrated. I switched it out for a leakier hamster-style water bottle that he drinks from constantly (I think he likes 'catching' the water droplets as they come out), and that seemed to have perked him up! Thank God, he is now back to eating mealworms, veggies, and his regular crumbles, and his beak seems to be back to normal. I'll just need to be careful to switch out the bedding under the water bottle every day so that it doesn't get too wet in there in between the weekly cleanings.

I'll get started on the worming! Any products in particular you recommend for that?

Thanks for all your helpful advice! This is a great community.

So glad to hear this! Ive been following in silence didnt have any idea what could be going on and learned something new! I could now reccomend if u got a heavy dish like @Tycine1 recomends u could cover it in hardware cloth then the water would have a place to go it would keep your enclosure dry and he wouldnt be drinking the dirty water forcing constant cleanings.
 

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