Where to start - DIY Coop + Run

newchickychick

Chirping
Apr 2, 2025
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Hello all! It's me again.
So, all 19 remaining nuggets of ours are happy and healthy! They're one week old and we hope/expect that since half of them were sexed, we may end up with 13-14 hens. IF one of the roos is the temperament we're looking for, we'll keep a roo from the batch too. But otherwise, we're hoping to buy another batch of 20 chicks in July and integrate them to the new chickens. That being said, we know integration is easiest with two separate spaces. We wanted to build a big coop and run anyhow. Our eventual "max size" flock goal is 50 chickens. So, we want to go ahead and build for the potential of having up to 50 chickens.

That leaves us with... a lot of questions.

- Our plan is 40 feet by 20 feet for the run. Should we go bigger for this? We cannot go larger width wise, as it runs too downhill into the forest, but we can easily go bigger length wise. The other conundrum is - we live closeish to a 55 mph road and even though we have 28 acres of space, our neighbors are close enough to the fringes where they would not appreciate random chickens peeping in, so total free range is not an option. So our goal is a totally enclosed but tall and spacious run for up to 50 chickens.

- Our plan is 20 feet by 15 feet for the coop. Should we go bigger for this as well? Same as above, we can easily go longer but not wider in relation to our plans on the setup through our spacious behind the house area. We don't believe we'll ever have the FULL 50, but in case we cut it close.

- How did you start? Were there any particular videos/guides you found helpful? What materials did you use that you found extremely helpful?

- We do plan to dig down under it to put hardware cloth so no predators can dig up/under it. That being said, do chickens prefer going 'up' into their coop (walking up a ladder into it) or are they typically fine walking in a bit above ground level like a normal building, so long as they have plenty of roosts/perches inside? We were hoping to be able to walk into it normally ourselves for cleaning/maintenance, as I've unfortunately got spine problems so too much stooping is tough on it. But we wanted to know if chickens needed their own little 'chicken door' above ground level or if they just use a normal door that you go through when you let yours out.

- We don't really know what breeds we have/will have. Will this be an issue when planning for space? We're big fans of the "surprise us!" randoms with breeds, as we're just looking to fill our flock with pets/egg-layers that we can hopefully tell most of apart. I know some larger breeds can be in those surprise bags, as it were, but if it's a handful vs. an entire flock, would this make the plans moot on size? I do think we POSSIBLY have one or two, maybe three Jersey Giants. And they're still only a week old, so we could very well be wrong. It's only an assumption based on chick color, yellow feet undersides, and the fact one in particular is most definitely the largest of the chicks so far. But our next batch, we're hoping to get some Polish and/or Spitzhauben in there, and whatever else Cackle throws at us, so we're not planning to go overboard on large breeds. On purpose, at least.

- All in all, how fast did you build your custom coop/run of similar size? We're HOPING to add more chicks in July, but they'd be in our indoor brooder setup anyways until it was time to go outside, so we'd have until at minimum November while hopefully starting next weekend, but planning even closer to December-January depending on how cold it gets here and when the chicks are ready to go out. (The run will be covered to prevent extreme rain/snow buildup - and to help prevent predators from getting in!)

- Do you have rain guards/gutters on your coop? Silly question maybe, but we were hoping this would help prevent buildup of too much rain on the ground in front of the coop or let alone getting too leaky into the coop. Did you use actual gutters or makeshift them?

- How many windows do you have for ventilation for your build around this size? We know ventilation is important higher up in the coop and want to make sure we're properly accommodating for the amount of ventilation so many chickens would need.
 
Spacing sounds fine though I have zero experience with a flock or set up of this size.

As far as chickens getting into a coop, it would be easiest for them if their access (whether via pop door or human door) was close to the ground as possible. Otherwise steps / platforms are probably their preferred method of access, with ramps coming in second and ladders last.

As far as ventilation aim for big roof overhangs and put as much of the ventilation in the soffits or at the top of the walls as possible. You'll still want some windows for light and cross breeze in summer if you have hotter summers, but using the roof to provide climate protection for ventilation will give you the best results.

Also I'm not sure what your goals are with a 50 bird flock, but keep in mind that egg production is more consistent with a larger spread in ages of the birds unless you're willing to cull each year or two. As I don't have a large flock and don't cull non-productive birds mine range in age from 1 to 9 yrs old.
 
Thank you for your response! The door closer to the ground makes it a lot easier on us as well for going in and out. I'll have a secondary chicken door as well in case they need an 'in' if they're out in the range and want to go back in.

That really helps me visualize the needs for ventilation. We do definitely have some hotter summers and it can get pretty humid sometimes, so I definitely want to be sure ventilation is good.

Do you recommend bigger coops have some source of power then for the potential for extra light when need be? We were thinking solar for simplicity's sake and not needing to route power all the way out there.

We are definitely willing to cull when needed to keep most productivity up! Our plans are certainly to let some get old in our flock, but the goal is more of a 'food security' versus a massive amount of eggs. Though I've got a husband and a growing teen boy, our egg needs aren't terribly much between the lot of us - including my parents who I'd love to bring fresh eggs to as well. :lol: But there's a lot of local folks who love farm fresh eggs, so we'd be certainly able to sell/give extras too, so higher production is a want but not necessarily a must.
 
...
- Our plan is 40 feet by 20 feet for the run. Should we go bigger for this? We cannot go larger width wise, as it runs too downhill into the forest, but we can easily go bigger length wise. The other conundrum is - we live closeish to a 55 mph road and even though we have 28 acres of space, our neighbors are close enough to the fringes where they would not appreciate random chickens peeping in, so total free range is not an option. So our goal is a totally enclosed but tall and spacious run for up to 50 chickens.
That size is about half again bigger than the rule of thumb minimum size. It is very likely big enough to minimize behavior problems, especially since it is for a larger flock. It isn't big enough to provide long-term forage - they will kill all the plants in it except maybe trees. That may be okay with you but I think some people may not expect that.

Chickens prefer forest to open space.
- Our plan is 20 feet by 15 feet for the coop. Should we go bigger for this as well? Same as above, we can easily go longer but not wider in relation to our plans on the setup through our spacious behind the house area. We don't believe we'll ever have the FULL 50, but in case we cut it close.
It should work.
- How did you start? Were there any particular videos/guides you found helpful? What materials did you use that you found extremely helpful?
The most helpful resource I found was this thread. The book it was based on (here) is interesting but a little hard to use directly.

I built a shed version of it which worked very, very well. I took Rosemarythyme's advice about wide eaves and recommend that too.
- We do plan to dig down under it to put hardware cloth so no predators can dig up/under it.
Aprons are easier and as effective.
That being said, do chickens prefer going 'up' into their coop (walking up a ladder into it) or are they typically fine walking in a bit above ground level like a normal building, so long as they have plenty of roosts/perches inside?
I agree with Rosemarythyme.
We were hoping to be able to walk into it normally ourselves for cleaning/maintenance, as I've unfortunately got spine problems so too much stooping is tough on it. But we wanted to know if chickens needed their own little 'chicken door' above ground level or if they just use a normal door that you go through when you let yours out.
Mine had no problem at all in using the people door. There were times I wished I had a smaller door too only because my door was on the side facing the road and my storage area between the door and the chicken's are was kinda messy most of the time.

Oh, and on windy days, I wished I had a smaller door because I didn't get around to making the super cool door holder thingy I saw online. So, when I let the chicken's out, I had to drag a heavy pail out to keep the wind from swinging the door around.

- We don't really know what breeds we have/will have. Will this be an issue when planning for space?
No. Not at that scale. With only a few birds, there is less margin for such differences.

You might keep an eye on how any polish and polish-like are doing. I haven't had any but have read other types can have issues with them - like not letting them get to resources.
- how long did it take...
My 20x50 garden fence was built in part of one afternoon. A 20x25 addition was added in a couple of hours. It has 10' 4x4 posts sunk 3' then tamped in, and 5' woven wire with two strands of deer tape. And two gates. You need either an auger or clam-shell posthole digger. It might look better if I had stretched the woven wire. That would add an hour or so, maybe, depending on how willing I was to put ruts in the yard. Or it might not be better - some floppiness in the wire can discourage raccoons from climbing it. It doesn't make it unclimbable; just harder to climb.

I didn't build my coop from scratch. But that size can be built in one day by a small team who know what they are doing.
- How many windows do you have for ventilation for your build around this size? We know ventilation is important higher up in the coop and want to make sure we're properly accommodating for the amount of ventilation so many chickens would need.
The south side of the shed from floor to ceiling fully open 24/7/356. From early spring to late fall, also all the eaves, the ridge vent, and windows on the east wall (two 24x30" windows) all open 24/7. Sometimes I opened the people doors on the west side.

I live in the upper midwest. If I lived in a hot climate, I would have more of the sides open, a cupola, and or build something like this.
 
That size is about half again bigger than the rule of thumb minimum size. It is very likely big enough to minimize behavior problems, especially since it is for a larger flock. It isn't big enough to provide long-term forage - they will kill all the plants in it except maybe trees. That may be okay with you but I think some people may not expect that.

Chickens prefer forest to open space.

It should work.

The most helpful resource I found was this thread. The book it was based on (here) is interesting but a little hard to use directly.

I built a shed version of it which worked very, very well. I took Rosemarythyme's advice about wide eaves and recommend that too.

Aprons are easier and as effective.

I agree with Rosemarythyme.

Mine had no problem at all in using the people door. There were times I wished I had a smaller door too only because my door was on the side facing the road and my storage area between the door and the chicken's are was kinda messy most of the time.

Oh, and on windy days, I wished I had a smaller door because I didn't get around to making the super cool door holder thingy I saw online. So, when I let the chicken's out, I had to drag a heavy pail out to keep the wind from swinging the door around.


No. Not at that scale. With only a few birds, there is less margin for such differences.

You might keep an eye on how any polish and polish-like are doing. I haven't had any but have read other types can have issues with them - like not letting them get to resources.

My 20x50 garden fence was built in part of one afternoon. A 20x25 addition was added in a couple of hours. It has 10' 4x4 posts sunk 3' then tamped in, and 5' woven wire with two strands of deer tape. And two gates. You need either an auger or clam-shell posthole digger. It might look better if I had stretched the woven wire. That would add an hour or so, maybe, depending on how willing I was to put ruts in the yard. Or it might not be better - some floppiness in the wire can discourage raccoons from climbing it. It doesn't make it unclimbable; just harder to climb.

I didn't build my coop from scratch. But that size can be built in one day by a small team who know what they are doing.

The south side of the shed from floor to ceiling fully open 24/7/356. From early spring to late fall, also all the eaves, the ridge vent, and windows on the east wall (two 24x30" windows) all open 24/7. Sometimes I opened the people doors on the west side.

I live in the upper midwest. If I lived in a hot climate, I would have more of the sides open, a cupola, and or build something like this.

This is so helpful, thank you!

I will definitely look at the links provided. I'm really glad to know the extra space can help with hopefully negating issues. We were thinking of MAYBE having two roos if we get two that mesh well if we've got at least 30 girls, certainly 2-3 if we wind up with 40, but wanted to be sure this was enough space to help towards hopefully nip some potential behavioral/territorial issues in the bud. We will definitely keep a close eye on everyone though to make sure all integrations into the flocks go as smoothly as possible.

The spot we're building on actually just has grass. Is there something else we should be planting in there while we're building to help keep them entertained/enriched? We definitely are fine with them being little environmental terrors where they're at - but we want to be sure they're happy with the conditions too. Just with having the nearby river and neighbors (and busy road!) close enough for chickens to wander off to, we decided a large but enclosed run was our safest bet to avoid angry neighbors and dead chickens. We do plan of course to have lots of enrichment in the runs, like perches, toys, etc.

I never thought about that for raccoons climbing! That's a great idea. The timeline helps as well. My husband's got two friends who are also very skilled with building. We were hoping to have them over, put on some music, and my 14 year old son and I help the three of them build together. We're working on drawing a full out blueprint now, but will be staking out the areas this weekend for the coop and run for our 'date night.' 🤣
 
Do you recommend bigger coops have some source of power then for the potential for extra light when need be? We were thinking solar for simplicity's sake and not needing to route power all the way out there.
I'd recommend power if possible in any coop - for anything from lights, powering a pop door, plugging a heat source or power tools into. I don't have electricity in my coop, but it's close enough to run an electric cord to, so I can still brood outside and heat a heated waterer in winter. If you drop below freezing for any period of time in winter, that's definitely something to consider.
Is there something else we should be planting in there while we're building to help keep them entertained/enriched?
Chickens will destroy any smaller greenery so no point in growing anything in the area unless it can be fenced off or protected with grazing panels.
 
The spot we're building on actually just has grass. Is there something else we should be planting in there while we're building to help keep them entertained/enriched? We definitely are fine with them being little environmental terrors where they're at - but we want to be sure they're happy with the conditions too. Just with having the nearby river and neighbors (and busy road!) close enough for chickens to wander off to, we decided a large but enclosed run was our safest bet to avoid angry neighbors and dead chickens. We do plan of course to have lots of enrichment in the runs, like perches, toys, etc.
I recommend fruit trees or shrubs. I now know that they can be pruned 2x a year (winter dormant & June/July) to keep them under the roof. They will need roots & possibly lower portion of trunks protected at least until established. They can grow "round" or be espeliare. A GREAT small book is "Grow A Little Fruit Tree".

Our own chickens will no longer be free ranging due to predators. I just planted my 1st fruit tree guild in what will be the run with our refurbished & enlarged coop. It will be protected by 2x4" wire, held in place w/ step in posts. If needed, I have scrap - 1/2", 1/4"HWC & chicken wire that can be attached. The guild has a peach & an apple tree (trying out the same hole practice), 2 Canna Lillie's, 1 Munstead Lavender, garlic 1 bulb split to each clover spread about) a few red onions & 10 Eversweet Strawberries to hopefully provide ground cover. Need to get the 2nd one in - it has another Apple & Peach tree, plus similar/same support plants.

20250319_142905.jpg 20250319_183146.jpg

I recommend that you check out these threads for ideas.

Plants around coop - Collie & the Gardener

'Chicken Food Tower' - https://www.backyardchickens.com/threads/chicken-food-tower.1480872/

'Plants In The Chicken Run! A Mini Forest For Chickens!' https://www.backyardchickens.com/th...icken-run-a-mini-forest-for-chickens.1540569/

& a combo of natural products for the run litter or varying sizes of wood chips.

There are YouTube videos that talk about planting in the chicken runs, too. Different states, different goals, slightly different set ups.

Edible Acres, Sean, NY - Chickens https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLihFHKqj6Jeog3qoYlmhOPt_eElEhNMpH&si=GihNvD0IAWhsgn5h

Edible Acres, Sean, NY - Chicken Compost Design - https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLihFHKqj6JerKruLfMcxdNKDRHkGxgwwz&si=mtpT4JpaFLs3-cdG

The Permaculture Consultant, ?, TX -
Easy Fruit Tree Guild from TSC -
2025
https://youtube.com/playlist?list= PLihFHKqj6JerKruLfMcxdNKDRHkGxgwwz&si=mtpT4JpaFLs3-cdG

2024

Parkrose Permaculture, Angela, OR - Poultry
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLw-_0LHhyR2eRqkIBs4ER-D7nZJpSERhp&si=D2JsTLJqAHc8BwGQ

Porterhouse & Teal, ?, AZ -
Composting w/ Chickens -
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjTEg8UxC5vweI5vvCyo5n8v2VDqtqmvv&si=C49r7Z8Fx-2BK3sG

All About Chickens -
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjTEg8UxC5vwSMoD-C3LtFst7gsXmiTs1&si=0fyXdKC_is3xehPM
 
I recommend fruit trees or shrubs. I now know that they can be pruned 2x a year (winter dormant & June/July) to keep them under the roof. They will need roots & possibly lower portion of trunks protected at least until established. They can grow "round" or be espeliare. A GREAT small book is "Grow A Little Fruit Tree".

Our own chickens will no longer be free ranging due to predators. I just planted my 1st fruit tree guild in what will be the run with our refurbished & enlarged coop. It will be protected by 2x4" wire, held in place w/ step in posts. If needed, I have scrap - 1/2", 1/4"HWC & chicken wire that can be attached. The guild has a peach & an apple tree (trying out the same hole practice), 2 Canna Lillie's, 1 Munstead Lavender, garlic 1 bulb split to each clover spread about) a few red onions & 10 Eversweet Strawberries to hopefully provide ground cover. Need to get the 2nd one in - it has another Apple & Peach tree, plus similar/same support plants.

View attachment 4095391View attachment 4095393

I recommend that you check out these threads for ideas.

Plants around coop - Collie & the Gardener

'Chicken Food Tower' - https://www.backyardchickens.com/threads/chicken-food-tower.1480872/

'Plants In The Chicken Run! A Mini Forest For Chickens!' https://www.backyardchickens.com/th...icken-run-a-mini-forest-for-chickens.1540569/

& a combo of natural products for the run litter or varying sizes of wood chips.

There are YouTube videos that talk about planting in the chicken runs, too. Different states, different goals, slightly different set ups.

Edible Acres, Sean, NY - Chickens https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLihFHKqj6Jeog3qoYlmhOPt_eElEhNMpH&si=GihNvD0IAWhsgn5h

Edible Acres, Sean, NY - Chicken Compost Design - https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLihFHKqj6JerKruLfMcxdNKDRHkGxgwwz&si=mtpT4JpaFLs3-cdG

The Permaculture Consultant, ?, TX -
Easy Fruit Tree Guild from TSC -
2025
https://youtube.com/playlist?list= PLihFHKqj6JerKruLfMcxdNKDRHkGxgwwz&si=mtpT4JpaFLs3-cdG

2024

Parkrose Permaculture, Angela, OR - Poultry
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLw-_0LHhyR2eRqkIBs4ER-D7nZJpSERhp&si=D2JsTLJqAHc8BwGQ

Porterhouse & Teal, ?, AZ -
Composting w/ Chickens -
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjTEg8UxC5vweI5vvCyo5n8v2VDqtqmvv&si=C49r7Z8Fx-2BK3sG

All About Chickens -
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjTEg8UxC5vwSMoD-C3LtFst7gsXmiTs1&si=0fyXdKC_is3xehPM
I love this! I don't "do" permaculture religiously, but it's a great mind-set for viewing your space and your critters and doing creative thinking about aways to integrate elements, building off one another.

Please keep us posted! I know this doesn't happen overnight.
 
All of this advice is greatly helpful! I really appreciate it! We're definitely going to do solar power. It doesn't USUALLY get under 30 for long stretches here, or too badly, but last year we had a whole week of major snow that cut off our power. We did remedy that with a generator, but I'd love to be sure they've got all the heat they need in case anything gets wonky. It's too far from our house to run cords so I do think solar power will be a great plan. My husband also is, thankfully, experienced with it from when he lived in another state a few years back. (He helped his folks build their dream cabin, with solar power and even water power to boot)

Also love the idea of little trees and such! I'll absolutely look into that. The run has to be pretty tall so hubby can walk in there freely anyhow (He's 6'4") so that gives us some wiggle room with planting for enrichment purposes and the chickens feeling more at home.
 
OK sloooow down , back up. You have 19 week old chicks and planning on 20 more in July and you have not started you coop?! You need to stop gathering advice and start gathering tools and materials. The size your planning will not go up overnight unless you have an army of carpenters at your disposal.

Those cute peeps will be winged, stinky teenage monsters in just a few weeks.

Get to building!
 

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