I just made an attempt at this. I previously wiped out almost all the rats just using icy water but now that temperatures are up I tried the dry ice. My process:my 10 chickens have a 2000 sf run to play in. They will be outside until the coop is aired in the evening (assuming that the CO2 part was the dangerous part).
1) Somewhere near mid-day leaf blower all around the coop to expose the rat holes.
2) Clear any crud out of the holes, you want them clear to dump in CO2.
3) go get 20 lb of dry ice "chunks" (about the size of hockey pucks). $40 for me.
4) Fill a wheelbarrow with dirt. during this time the rats go back to sleep
5) Smash the dry ice with a blunt instrument. I used an old axe handle. Baseball bat would be better.
6) With thick gloves, go around to each hole dumping in the dry ice fragments, then quickly shovel your dirt on top of each, stomp it a few times.
I stayed out there for 30 minutes with the shovel to see if any made a run for it. None did. I think they're all dead. Will update here if they are not.